Ground

If the person is on the ground, combat can keeping going on the ground.  They cannot drop to the ground to start ground fighting.  The two people try to get a hold down or force submission from their opponent.  This is done by using strangulation, arm lock or a choke.  With the arm lock, the lock can only be used on the elbow joints due to safety concerns.

Standing

With standing, the opponents try to throw one another.  They hardly use submission techniques of joint lock and choke strangulation.  It is difficult to use these techniques because of the standing phase. However there are some judoka that can handle takedowns along with submission.  With the submission, it starts with the standing phase and ends being on the ground.

The throwing techniques are used to take an opponent down.  The opponent is usually standing up on their feet.  In that position, they are considered to be a danger.  When they come down, they come down on their back in order for them to have limited mobility.  This helps you to control the opponent and make you be the dominant one.

With this stance, the practitioner can provide an outcome.  Throwing the opponent is also used to their body into shock.  This happens when their body is forcefully smashed to the ground.  A match can be won if the opponent uses a controlled throw that is powerful.  Lesser throws receive a lower score.  With a standing position, a person will get a score for a throw.

Throwing techniques are based on four different facets:  off-balancing, positioning of your body, execution and finishing.  Each facet comes very quickly after the previous one is completed.

Hold downs

An attacker is required to hold down their opponent for a certain amount of time.  This helps the attacker to have an effective target for striking.  You would get scored on the length of time of the hold down.  The hold down can also end in a submission from the opponent if they can’t take the pressure any longer.

Joint locks

These combat techniques when a judoka has control over their opponent using what is called a pain compliance technique.  This technique is a grappling hold that implements one of three things:  compression lock, joint lock or pressure point.

One of these is used to keep the opponent down and the judoka in control.  This technique is used as a self-defense mechanism.  A judoka can also control their opponent by breaking the locked joint.  You can perform a joint lock on the elbow because that is considered a safe place to do it.  Doing this can cause the opponent to claim submission.  Attacking any other joints can cause serious injury.